Erbium and ytterbium co-doped phosphate glass has a broad application because of the excellent properties. Mostly, it is the best glass material for 1.54μm laser due to its eye safe wavelength of 1540 nm and high transmission through atmosphere. It’s also suitable for medical applications where the need for eye protection may be difficult to manage or diminish or hinder essential visual observation. Recently it is used in optical fiber communication instead of EDFA for its more super plus. There is a great progress in this field.
RTP (Rubidium Titanyle Phosphate – RbTiOPO4) is a material now widely used for Electro Optical applications whenever low switching voltages are required.
Nd:YVO4 is the most efficient laser host crystal for diode pumping among the current commercial laser crystals, especially, for low to middle power density. This is mainly for its absorption and emission features surpassing Nd:YAG. Pumped by laser diodes, Nd:YVO4 crystal has been incorporated with high NLO coefficient crystals ( LBO, BBO, or KTP) to frequency-shift the output from the near infrared to green, blue, or even UV.
Yttrium aluminium oxide YAlO3 (YAP) is an attractive laser host for erbium ions due to its natural birefringence combined with good thermal and mechanical properties similar to those of YAG.
LiNbO3 Crystal has unique electro-optical, piezoelectric, photoelastic and nonlinear optical properties. They are strongly birefringent. They are used in laserfrequency doubling, nonlinear optics, Pockels cells, optical parametric oscillators, Q-switching devices for lasers, other acousto-opticdevices, optical switches for gigahertz frequencies, etc. It is an excellent material for manufacture of optical waveguides, etc.
Ho,Cr,Tm:YAG -yttrium aluminium garnet laser crystals doped with chromium,thulium and holmium ions to provide lasing at 2.13 microns are finding more and more applications,especially in the medical industry.The inherent advantage of the crystal crystal is that it employs YAG as the host. YAG’s physical,thermal and optical properties are well known and understood by every laser designer. It has wide applications in surgery, dentistry, atmospheric testing, etc.